Attitudes towards rape and their determinants among men, women and non-binary people in Poland

The aim of this paper is to present the results of research on attitudes towards rape conducted in a group of 850 adult Poles, including 505 women, 310 men and 35 non-binary people, and to analyze their selected correlates: rape myth acceptance, right-wing authoritarianism and rape empathy. Non-binary people have only re cently been included in research as a distinct group and little information can be found in the literature on the characteristics of their attitudes towards social prob lems. Therefore particular attention was paid to comparing the attitudes towards rape of non-binary people with those of women and men. In analyzing the results, the authors took into account the current socio-political situation in Poland. The results indicate that attitudes toward sexual aggression are related to the type of gender identification. The most positive attitudes towards rape victims among the groups participating in the research are held by non-binary people. Furthermore, attitudes towards rape are determined by rape myths, right-wing authoritarianism and empathy for victims of rape

KETAMINE AS A NOVEL DRUG FOR DEPRESSION TREATMENT

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Currently used antidepressants, acting on the monoaminergic system, are insufficient for depression treatment. In recent years, potential application of NMDA receptor modulators in the treatment of drug-resistant depression has gained attention. Administration of ketamine, being a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, contributes to a faster remission of symptoms. Subjects and methods: The aim of this paper is to review current studies on the use of ketamine in the treatment of drug-resistant depression, compare results of various administration methods - intravenous, intranasal or oral, as well as compare its effectiveness with that of other antidepressants. Results: Numerous studies show the drug is effective and well tolerated, particularly in patients with increased suicidal thoughts. However, there are concerns on increasing tolerance to the drug and the possibility of implementing a long-term treatment. Conclusion: Oral and intranasal forms of the drug are particularly promising due to their non-invasiveness and ability to selfadminister. In March 2019, S-ketamine nasal spray was registered by the FDA for the treatment of drug-resistant depression

Comparison of dose volume histograms for supine and prone position in patients irradiated for prostate cancer—A preliminary study

AbstractAimTo compare DVHs for OARs in two different positions – prone and supine – for prostate cancer patients irradiated with a Tomotherapy unit.BackgroundIn the era of dose escalation, the choice of optimal patient immobilization plays an essential role in radiotherapy of prostate cancer.Materials and methodsThe study included 24 patients who were allocated to 3 risk groups based on D’Amico criteria; 12 patients represented a low or intermediate and 12 a high risk group.For each patient two treatment plans were performed: one in the supine and one in the prone position. PTV included the prostate, seminal vesicles and lymph nodes for the high risk group and the prostate and seminal vesicles for the intermediate or low risk groups. DVHs for the two positions were compared according to parameters: Dmean, D70, D50 and D20 for the bladder and rectum and Dmean, D10 for the intestine. The position accuracy was verified using daily MVCT.ResultsProne position was associated with lower doses in OARs, especially in the rectum. Despite the fact that in the entire group the differences between tested parameters were not large, the Dmean and D10 for the intestine were statistically significant. In the case of irradiation only to the prostate and seminal vesicles, the prone position allowed for substantial reduction of all tested DVH parameters in the bladder and rectum, except D20 for bladder. Moreover, the Dmean and D50 parameter differences for the bladder were statistically significant.No significant differences between positions reproducibility were demonstrated.ConclusionIn patients irradiated to prostate and seminal vesicles, the prone position may support sparing of the rectum and bladder.The reproducibility of position arrangement in both positions is comparable

MizAR 60 for Mizar 50

As a present to Mizar on its 50th anniversary, we develop an AI/TP system that automatically proves about 60% of the Mizar theorems in the hammer setting. We also automatically prove 75% of the Mizar theorems when the automated provers are helped by using only the premises used in the human-written Mizar proofs. We describe the methods and large-scale experiments leading to these results. This includes in particular the E and Vampire provers, their ENIGMA and Deepire learning modifications, a number of learning-based premise selection methods, and the incremental loop that interleaves growing a corpus of millions of ATP proofs with training increasingly strong AI/TP systems on them. We also present a selection of Mizar problems that were proved automatically

Authentication and Authorization of Users and Services in Dynamic Military SOA Environments, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2011, nr 1

The problem of user authentication and authorization is usually being solved in a single system. Federated environment assumes heterogeneity of systems, which brings the problem of mutual users and services authentication and authorization. In this article the authors presented security requirements for cross domain information exchange in federated environments and a method of secure access to information resources on the basis of web services. Special attention was paid to authentication and authorization of users and services. As opportunities, there were presented solutions verified in multinational experimentations and exercises